Bonnier Corp (March 1949). "Popular Science". The Popular Science Monthly. Bonnier Corporation. ISSN 0161-7370. Next you'll hang a Light on the Wall". Chicago Tribune. Chicago, Illinois. April 18, 1959. p.20 – via Newspapers.com .

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a b "Light Bulb has interior frost". The San Bernardino County Sun. San Bernardino, California. January 21, 1928. p.2 – via Newspapers.com . a b "Marvin Pipkin". Schenectady Museum Association. 2017. Archived from the original on February 26, 2016 . Retrieved December 20, 2017. He continued to work at NELA for many more years and eventually created the Soft-White light bulb nearly 25 years later. a b c d e f McSwain, Peggy (March 18, 2010). "Marvin Pipkin (Nov. 18, 1889 – Jan. 7, 1977)". Polk County Family Biographies – Families – Obits. Archived from the original on January 13, 2022 . Retrieved December 19, 2017.Soft Light Inventor Dies". The Tampa Tribune. Tampa, Florida. January 9, 1977. p.12. Archived from the original on August 10, 2023 . Retrieved August 2, 2020– via Newspapers.com . Pipkin in 1947 invented an improved version of the process with silica coating that replaced the internal acid etching process. [22] The 1947 internal silica coating was used for 30 years and had the trade name "Q coat". [23] [24] [25] [2] Pipkin is also credited with perfecting the photo flash bulb with several patents. [5] Besides the frosted light bulb, Pipkin invented or improved many other products during his career with General Electric. One was for a toy light that could be used on a child's toy train or toy car. [26] Pipkin's innovations were noted in articles in Time, Newsweek, and the Saturday Evening Post magazines, as well as in scientific journals. [21] Personal life [ edit ] Pipkin did a demonstration of the bulbs' integrity to his supervisor at General Electric. [20] He presented to his supervisor six light bulbs that had been frosted on the inside. Some had just the one application of acid and others with his reinforced second treatment. He placed the bulbs on his supervisor's desk, standing up on their screw bottoms. He tipped the first three over, one at a time, to simulate a bulb being dropped from a small height. These were the bulbs treated with original single acid application, and as expected, all three bulbs shattered. He then tipped over the remaining three bulbs, which were tempered with his new two-step acid treatment. They remained unbroken, much to the surprise of his supervisor. Then, to further demonstrate the effectiveness of his tempering process, Pipkin took bulbs that had not shattered and dropped them again, this time allowing them to fall to the office floor. The bulbs bounced on the floor, and settled without breaking. [20] Pipkin's new frosted bulb revolutionized the industry, allowing the manufacture of frosted bulbs that diffused the light without losing much intensity, and were strong enough to be commercially viable. [14] [15] [16] He went on to make many innovations to the light bulb and two decades later developed the soft white light bulb. [21]

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These bulb lights are the perfect choice for parties, weddings, festivals and celebrations of all kinds. Create a magical Christmas display, a perfect light canopy or for a memorable summer party. In his civilian life, Pipkin invented a process for frosting the inside of incandescent light bulbs to cut down on the sharp glare, and to diffuse the light. This process had the side effect of making a stronger constructed glass envelope that held up well with ordinary handling. He went on to make many other inventions and further improvements to the light bulb. His patents were developed into General Electric's popular Soft-White bulb series that were mass-produced. He also had patents for the photo flash bulb. Perfect for party lighting, create happy vibrant atmosphere with Festoon Lights in your garden. Warm big bulb ambient light will transform any outdoor space. The fourth of six children, Pipkin was born November 18, 1889, south of Lakeland, Florida in a suburban community called Christina. His parents were Daniel M. Pipkin and Sarah Catherine (Moore) Pipkin. His father owned a citrus grove and was a farmer. Pipkin attended Lakeland elementary school and graduated from Bartow High School in Bartow, Florida. [1]

Festoon Lighting refracts the light is a magical way, they add a friendly happy type of light to any space indoor or outdoors. a b c d Marvin Pipkin, 87, Lakeland Inventor, Dies From Cancer, The Ledger, January 8, 1977, pp. 1 & 7 Marvin Pipkin (November 18, 1889 – January 7, 1977) was an American chemist, engineer, and scientist. During his time in the United States Army, he worked on gas mask innovations. These masks were used by soldiers as well as the public during World War I for protection against chemical weapons. His innovative improvements were used through the twentieth century. Our Festoon lighting range covers everything You need. From low voltage led bulbs, to commercial connectable lights. All in a choice of colours, cables, shapes and sizes.

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Notable People". The Estates of Cypress Trace. 2017. Archived from the original on December 23, 2017 . Retrieved December 21, 2017. Marvin Pipkin is best known as the inventor of the inside-frost process of bulbs for incandescent lamps, which was developed in 1925, as well as the improved process developed in 1947, which consisted of an application of silica to the inside of a bulb. Clear or Frosted Bulbs in traditional, Bistro or Vintage style to suit your occasion. As well as white led bulbs, multi colour, or warm white lights for a more sophisticated look. Clear bulbs give a real funky retro modern feel, frosted are more homely. Soft Light Inventor Dies". The Tampa Tribune. Tampa, Florida. January 9, 1977. p.12 – via Newspapers.com . Pipkin retired from the General Electric Nela Park laboratory in November 1954. He settled at his home on Beacon Road in Lakeland, Florida. He had lived in the town most of his life. Pipkin died of cancer at the General Hospital in Lakeland on January 7, 1977, at the age of 87. [6] He is buried at the Fitzgerald Cemetery in Lakeland. [1] Nela Operating Building factory, c. 1920 Light bulb innovations [ edit ]

Festoon bulbs are really great for parties, they make everyone feel happy! They are so easy to use, choose the colour to suit the occasion, and you can literally transform any area in minutes. When Pipkin went to work for General Electric he was assigned the supposedly impossible task of finding a way to frost electric light bulbs on the inside without weakening the glass. [8] [ unreliable source?] He was not aware that this assignment was considered a fool's errand, so he went about the task as if it were something that could be done. [9] [ unreliable source?] Pipkin produced an innovative acid etching process for the inside of the globe of an electric lamp so that it did not deteriorate the lamp glass globe. [10] [11] His was a two step acid process that etched the interior of glass with tiny crevasses on the first process like in the normal procedure, but he added a second acid step that caused soft, rounded dimples from the crevasses which gave the bulbs added strength. There was minimal loss of diffusion of light with his innovation. [9] It left the outside of the globe of the glass lamp smooth so that it did not hold dust like those etched on the outside. [12] [13] The first electric light bulb frosted on the inside with sufficient strength for ordinary handling that could be sold to the public was invented by Pipkin in 1925. [14] [15] [16] Patent No. 1,687,510 was issued to Pipkin on October 16, 1928, and by him assigned to his employer, General Electric Co. On November 5, 1945, however, the United States Supreme Court invalidated the patent, on the ground that the claimed invention was not sufficiently original. [17] Marbles ideal lens for electric lamps". The Star Press. Muncie, Indiana. July 16, 1933. p.20 – via Newspapers.com .