Just like the name, a second turbocharger is installed to the engine. By doing this, the second turbo allows higher power and wider RPM range. To be more specific, the smaller turbo works at low RPMs, while the large one for higher RPMs. As a result, twin-turbo is high in the complexity, and cost. Variable Geometry Turbocharger The hot air cools down when passing through the heat exchanger and enters the cylinder’s air intake. I suppose it’s a generation thing to some extent but when I think of classic car induction systems my mind wanders off to SU or Weber carburettors. Turbos still seem relatively modern since virtually every current car has one, but of course they’re not. Plenty of modern classics from the 1980s and a tiny minority from before that have them – take the Saab 99 Turbo that featured in this year’s Bull Market List, for example – but the good news is that sorting out a problem is usually more mechanical than electronic. A generic description of what happens is this. As engine load increases and the engine produces more power, the exhaust pressure increases at the same time. Since it passes through the hot side of the turbocharger, the turbine is driven faster, driving the compressor wheel on the cold side at the same revs, and that pressurises the intake system. The air gets hot when it’s compressed which isn’t good for combustion so it usually passes through an intercooler on the way to the engine’s inlet ports via a throttle body, or individual throttle bodies. Intercoolers are simply air-to-air heat exchangers, like a radiator but without the water.

Another benefit of using turbochargers is that they enable the engine to yield more torque at the lower rev range, which gives a car an edge while driving around the city. The additional torque comes handy for easily pinching the gaps. There’s one particular reason for this and that’s balance. The Garrett T3 fitted to cars like my Ford Sierra Cosworth will reach 110,000rpm and the only thing between its compressor and the engine is the intercooler. Catastrophic turbo failures resulting in fragments being swallowed by the engine don’t bear thinking about and a specialist will balance the assembly and rebuild the turbo to factory specifications. In the UK, Owen Developments is a well known purveyor of all things turbo and there’s also Bernie Wilky of Bernie’s Blowers fame who can be found on Facebook. People from the 1980s are likely to be better acquainted with the word ‘turbo’ because it was applied to plenty of products at that time such as turbo skateboards, turbo razors, and many other things. But, this is not what has revolutionized the auto industry.

Another welcoming advantage of turbo engines is their quiet nature. They buffer the intake sound and allow a car to ride the streets without making annoying sounds. The diesel-run cars mainly have a turbocharged engine. In addition, most automakers have one or two turbocharged models in their line of products. To name a few, Renault-Nissan has labeled their turbo-diesel as dCi and turbo-petrol as TCi, which are TDI and TSI for Volkswagen and TDCI and Ecoboost for Ford, respectively. However, superchargers can produce a better throttle response because of their more direct and mechanical connection to the engine. Unlike the turbos, there is no lag to delay the response. What Car Models Have the Turbo Engine? The turbocharger is a familiar term when you talk about race cars and high-performance sports vehicles. They are also not uncommon to find in larger diesel engines. A turbo is a device that can enhance the horsepower of an engine without adding to its weight. How does a turbo work and make that possible? And, what features have made them so popular? What Is a Turbocharger? The question could arise that why not the turbochargers get overheated despite running in extreme temperatures and taking huge loads of pressure. The answer is – an intercooler. There is an intercooler with every turbocharger that cools down the discharged hot air. The oil cooling system takes care of the turbo and does not let it become overheated.

We’ll have a look at the detail of the sort of boost control systems you can expect to find in the next instalment but before that, what about the turbo itself? Basic turbochargers are fairly straightforward in that they comprise castings, nuts, bolts and studs to hold everything together, a spindle running in bearings through the turbo casings, with the turbine on the hot end and compressor wheel on the other. There could be nothing more to it than that or there may be a wastegate mechanism incorporated into the casing. Simple, yes, and the temptation to have it apart on the bench and fit some new bits is great, but this is one that’s best left to the experts with the right equipment. The Garrett T3 from a Sierra Cosworth. Almost all the modern cars with diesel-run engines have turbochargers because diesel engines are tougher than petrol units and have simpler intakes. How Does a Turbocharger Work? (At a Glance) Due to the burning of more fuel, the energy output will be bigger faster, and the engine will be able to send more power to the wheels.

Also called VTS, this turbocharger combines variable geometry turbo with twin-scroll turbo. With this special combination, the variable twin-scroll turbocharger provides a more robust alternative, as well as cheaper for car owners. Electric Turbochargers If it seems a bit complicated to understand how a turbo works, take the cue from the fact that an engine run by a mixture of fuel and air. When a turbocharger brings more air into the chamber, it gets mixed with more fuel, yielding more power as a result. It smuggles air by compressing it using the energy of the exhaust gasses coming out of the engine. A turbo engine. Source: Fast Car Different Types of Turbocharger?