The two European leaders “did not place total responsibility on Hamas for the crimes against humanity it perpetrated: massacring Israeli citizens and using Palestinians as human shields,” Netanyahu also wroteon X. a b Ziad Swaidan; Mihai Nica (June 2002). "The 1991 Gulf War And Jordan's Economy". Middle East Review of International Affairs. 6 (2). Archived from the original on 4 August 2002. Precision-guided munitions amounted to approximately 7.4% of all bombs dropped by the coalition. Other bombs included cluster bombs, which disperse numerous submunitions, [348] and daisy cutters, 15,000-pound bombs which can disintegrate everything within hundreds of yards. [ citation needed]

A British Challenger 1 achieved the longest range confirmed tank kill of the war, destroying an Iraqi tank with an armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding-sabot (APFSDS) round fired over 4,700 metres (2.9mi)—the longest tank-on-tank kill shot recorded. [250] [251] Casualties Civilian Iraqi Kurds fleeing to Turkey shortly after the war According to Kanan Makiya, "For the Iraqi people, the cost of enforcing the will of the United Nations has been grotesque." [265] General Schwarzkopf talked about "a very, very large number of dead in these units, a very, very large number indeed." [266] The chairman of the House Armed Services Committee, Les Aspin, estimated that "at least 65,000 Iraqi soldiers were killed". [266] A figure was supported by Israeli sources who speak of "one to two hundred thousand Iraqi casualties." Most of the killing "took place during the ground war. Fleeing soldiers were bombed with a device known as a 'fuel-air explosive.'" [266] Coalition Coalition troops killed by country Precision-guided munitions were heralded as key in allowing military strikes to be made with a minimum of civilian casualties compared to previous wars, although they were not used as often as more traditional, less accurate bombs. Specific buildings in downtown Baghdad could be bombed while journalists in their hotels watched cruise missiles fly by. [ citation needed]

U.S. Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1990–1991 With the 1st U.S. Marine Division in Desert Shield and Desert Storm Cureton P.97 See also: Task Force 1-41 Infantry Iraqi tanks destroyed by Task Force 1-41 Infantry, February 1991 Apart from the impact on Arab States of the Persian Gulf, the resulting economic disruptions after the crisis affected many states. The Overseas Development Institute (ODI) undertook a study in 1991 to assess the effects on developing states and the international community's response. A briefing paper finalized on the day that the conflict ended draws on their findings which had two main conclusions: Many developing states were severely affected and while there has been a considerable response to the crisis, the distribution of assistance was highly selective. [334] United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Refworld | Human Rights Watch World Report 1992 – Iraq and Occupied Kuwait". UNHCR . Retrieved 14 August 2013.

US politicians and ideologues began to lay the foundations for the occupation of Iraq years before it happened. Screaming Eagles: The 101st Airborne Division from D-Day to Desert Storm by Christopher J Anderson P.8 Palestinians Open Kuwaiti Embassy". Al Monitor. 23 May 2013. Archived from the original on 22 May 2013.U.S. Marines in the Persian Gulf, 1990–1991 With the 1st U.S. Marine Division in Desert Shield and Desert Storm Cureton P.94 Kenneth Estes. "ISN: The Second Gulf War (1990–1991)–Council on Foreign Relations". Cfr.org. Archived from the original on 2 January 2011 . Retrieved 18 March 2010. In 1994, the US Senate Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs with Respect to Export Administration published a report entitled, "U.S. Chemical and Biological Warfare-Related Dual Use Exports to Iraq and their Possible Impact on the Health Consequences of the Gulf War". This publication, called the Riegle Report, summarized testimony this committee had received establishing that the U.S. had in the 1980s supplied Saddam Hussein with chemical and biological warfare technology, that Saddam had used such chemical weapons against Iran and his own native Kurds, and possibly against U.S. soldiers as well, plausibly contributing to the GWS. [ citation needed] A 1991 Dossier on the Role of the Iraqi Air Force in the Gulf War" (PDF). 5 November 1991. SH-AADF-D-000-396. a b Waldman, Shmuel (2005). Beyond a Reasonable Doubt. Feldheim Publishers, p. 179. ISBN 978-1-58330-806-6

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen said it is important to keep the violence from spreading. Depleted Uranium Health Effects". ead.anl.gov. Archived from the original on 6 April 2013 . Retrieved 24 May 2014. Walker, Paul; Stambler, Eric (1991). "... and the dirty little weapons". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Vol.47, no.4. Archived from the original on 3 February 2007 . Retrieved 30 June 2010.Two BBC journalists, John Simpson and Bob Simpson (no relation), defied their editors and remained in Baghdad to report on the war's progress. They were responsible for a report which included an "infamous cruise missile that travelled down a street and turned left at a traffic light." [340] Kifner, John (23 January 1991). "WAR IN THE GULF: TEL AVIV; 3 DIE 96 ARE HURT IN ISRAELI SUBURB". The New York Times. A presidential commission concluded in 2005 that US intelligence on Iraqi WMD was completely flawed, and “not one bit” of evidence was there. The testimony and accounts of defectors and members of the Iraqi National Congress were ultimately found to be unsubstantiated accounts. Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein speaks during his trial at the fortified Green Zone in Baghdad on May 31, 2006 [File: Erik De Castro/EPA] Transitional phase a b Friedman, Thomas L. (22 August 1990). "Confrontation in the Gulf: Behind Bush's Hard Line; Washington Considers a Clear Iraqi Defeat To Be Necessary to Bolster Its Arab Allies". The New York Times. New York. pp.A1 . Retrieved 16 September 2010.