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Hypochlorhydria, or low stomach acid, increases intestinal permeability, inflammation and infection (for more on this, see my series on acid reflux & GERD). Studies have shown a strong association between atrophic body gastritis, a condition related to hypochlorhydria, and autoimmune thyroid disease. Between the cells of the intestinal lining is what is called the tight junctions. The tight junctions exist where the membranes of the cells come together to create a impermeable barrier in the intestinal lining. When these junctions are compromised, potential pathogenic bacteria and organisms, along with otherwise benign undigested food particles are allowed to pass through making their way into the blood stream. This is what is referred to as leaky gut and can be triggered by a myriad of factors. Low Thyroid Hormone In further consequence, harmed tight junctions (TJ) lead to penetration and exposure of pathogens to the immunoreactive sub-epithelium, promoting inflammation and autoimmunogenesis [ 45, 46]. Zonulin, a protein that when triggered by gluten or certain bacteria, can be secreted by the small intestine and modulate the integrity and permeability of intercellular junctions. When gluten induces zonulin release, it weakens the connection between the tight junctions and breaks the intestinal barrier. In general, zonulin expression is increased in autoimmune diseases [ 47]. Paterson et al. compared a zonulin peptide inhibitor AT1001 with placebo in a randomized clinical trial including 21 patients with CD. The results revealed that the permeability increased by 70% in the placebo group and the proinflammatory cytokine release decreased by 28% in the AT1001 group [ 48]. Some of the cytokines involved in inflammatory processes due to increased pathogen exposure to the intestinal immune cells are TNF-α und INF- γ [ 46, 49]. Among others, these can also be involved in the pathogenesis of HT, GD, CD, and NCWS [ 21, 37, 38, 39]. All B vitamins are critical for the chemical processes within the adrenal glands, which makes my multivitamin ideal for adrenal support. It contains all 8 B vitamins in their pre-methylated forms.
Gut microbiota in patients with thyroid cancer and thyroid nodules presents with higher microbial richness and distinct composition compared to the healthy control group, indicating that gut microbiota is correlated with thyroid cancer and nodules. Opportunistic pathogens may colonize in patients suffering from thyroid disease [ 124]. Several studies have demonstrated that dysbiosis of the microbiota could be caused by inflammatory processes and diverse cancer types [ 125, 126, 127].
vii] Arain SA, Shah MH, Meo SA, Jamal Q. Estrogen receptors in human thyroid gland: An immunohistochemical study. Saudi Medical Journal 2003 Feb;24(2):174-8 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12682683 Marshmallow root soothes and healing the intestinal lining and is good for the acute treatment of both constipation and diarrhea. Aloe Vera. Constipation is one gut symptom that can create hormone imbalances that lead to increased levels of estrogen. As estrogen levels increase, so do proteins aimed at keeping the hormone bound—specifically sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG). The same mechanisms that lead to excess estrogen being bound can cause thyroid hormone to also become unavailable and bound to the protein thyroid binding globulin (TBG).
Furthermore, the Medical Science Monitor published a research that showed only ERβ receptors are found in thyroid tissue, but their expression doesn’t have significant specifications for differentiation between benign and malign lesions of the thyroid gland [viii]. As a result, estrogen levels accumulate, and the body contains an abnormal concentration of this hormone. This is when the estrogen dominance occurs. The TBG is a circulating protein that reversibly binds thyroid hormones T3 and T4, and carries them into the bloodstream. Estrogen receptors in thyroid tissue Remove NSAIDs, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), unnecessary antibiotics, and birth control. These medications can disrupt the gut thyroid connection on multiple levels. Talk with your doctor before discontinuing meds. Life Stressors. Every product in my store has been personally vetted by me. Not only have I researched and tested every product I carry, I have also worked with thousands of patients to determine which formulations that produce the very best results.Too much estrogen inhibits the proteolytic enzymes (enzymes that digest protein) that allow your thyroid gland to produce hormones. As a result, the most important action of this gland decreases or stops. Amy Myers, MD has helped tens of thousands of people restore their gut health and reverse chronic illness as a renowned leader in Functional Medicine. She is a 2x New York Times Bestselling author of The Autoimmune Solution and The Thyroid Connection, and the founder and CEO of renowned health & wellness brand, Amy Myers MD®. Long-term, regular use of NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) like ibuprofen can cause damage to the intestinal lining. Birth Control Pill.
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